Engineering Reference

Miniature & Instrument Ball Bearings

Bearing Fits and the Design of Mating Equipment

Accurate shaft and housing fits are important for proper bearing installation and operation. In ordinary applications, miniature ball bearings are used with a light load, so a light interference fit to a narrow clearance fit is usually sufficient. Light cross section bearings, such as Torque Tube and Thinex bearings, are more sensitive to shaft and housing imperfections and require looser fits than heavier cross section bearings.

A bearing that is fitted too tightly or too loosely, or is damaged during assembly by excessive force or shock loading, may degrade the performance of your assembly. Reduce this possibility by following some general guidelines during the design of mating parts and by observing the following four cautions during the assembly process.

Below the caution statements are recommendations for shaft and housing fits for a number of different applications and a table of recommended shoulder diameters for select NHBB part numbers.


Caution 1

When establishing shaft or housing sizes the effect of differential thermal expansion must be taken into account. If thermal gradients are present or dissimilar materials are used, room temperature fits must be adjusted accordingly. Approximate thermal coefficients for common materials are available from NHBB.


Caution 2

When miniature and instrument bearings are interference fitted (either intentionally or as a result of thermal gradients) the bearing radial play is reduced by an amount equal to approximately 80% of the actual diametral interference fit. Thus:

  • Radial play = .0002"
  • Tolerance interference fit = .0003T
  • 80% of interference fit = (.0003 x .8) = .00024"
  • Resultant operational radial play = (-.00004) tight

The bearing will be subject to early failure in most applications because it may already be overloaded. This problem can be solved either by a higher radial play or looser fit.


Caution 3

If the outer ring or inner ring face will be clamped or abutted against a shoulder, make sure the shoulder configuration provides a good mounting surface:

  • The shoulder face must be perpendicular to the bearing mounting diameter within .0002 inches per inch.
  • The corner between the mounting diameter and the face must have either an undercut or a fillet radius no larger than that shown on the table pages under the column “r”.
  • The shoulder diameter must conform to this table .


Caution 4

It is relatively easy to damage a miniature and instrument bearing during assembly simply by exceeding its load capacity. Adequate fixturing must be provided for handling and assembling precision bearings to ensure that:

  • When assembling the bearing to the shaft, force is applied only to the inner ring.
  • When assembling into the housing, force is applied only to the outer ring.
  • Any movement or shock loads which would be transmitted through the bearing are eliminated.

Recommended Fits


Table of Recommended Fits for Typical Applications

Typical ApplicationsShaft FitShaft DiameterHousing FitHousing Diameter
Tape guide roller, pulley, cam follower, outer ring rotation.0000– .0004Ld – .0002
d – .0004
.0001L – .0003TD –.0001
D –.0003
Drive motor (spring preload).0001T– .0003Ld – .0001
d – .0003
.0000– .0004LD +.0002
D –.0000
Precision synchro or servo.0000–.0002L*d – .0001
d – .0003
.0000– .0002L*D +.0001
D –.0001
Potentiometer.0001T– .0003Ld – .0001
d – .0003
.0000– .0004LD +.0002
D –.0000
Encoder spindle.0000– .0002L*d – .0001
d – .0003
.0000– .0002T*D –.0001
D –.0003

*For radial play .0002 to .0005
Measurement in inches.

L = Loose fit.
T = Tight fit.
d = Bearing bore as listed.
D = Bearing OD as listed.
+Bearings must be purchased with bore and OD coding. 
Example: To use SSR-2 bearing in a potentiometer, the shaft diameter should be .1250 –.0001 to .1250 –.0003 or .1249 to .1247. The housing should be .3750 +.0002 to .3750 –.0000 or .3752 to .3750.

Recommended Shoulder Diameters* 

Basic SizeMinimum Shaft Shoulder DiameterMaximum Housing Shoulder Diameter
SSRI-20.0600.105
SSRI-2 1/20.0710.132
SSRI-30.0790.164
SSRI-40.1020.226
SSRI-33320.1140.168
SSRI-50.1220.284
SSRI-4180.1480.226
SSRI-5180.1530.284
SSRI-6180.1530.347
SSR-20.1790.325
SSR-2A0.1790.446
SSRI-55320.1800.288
SSR-1640X0.2100.580
SSRI-56320.2100.288
SSRI-66320.2160.347
SSR-30.2440.446
SSR-1650X0.2500.580
SSR-19500.2500.700
SSR-19600.2900.700
SSRI-6140.2720.352
SSRI-8140.2840.466
SSR-40.3100.565
SSRI-12140.3220.678
SSR-22700.3250.810
SSR-22800.3700.810
SSR-26900.4200.950
SSRI-85160.3470.466
SSRI-10380.4350.565
SSRI-14380.4510.799
SSR-1000.4500.949
SSRI-12120.5600.690
SSRI-18120.6251.025
SSRI-14580.6650.835
SSRI-16340.7900.960

*Measurement in inches.