Cages
The cage (a.k.a. retainer or separator) is the ball bearing component that separates and positions the balls at equal intervals around the bearing's raceway. The two standard retainer designs include:
- Ribbon, Two-Piece Stamped, Crimped (AISI 300 series CRES)
- Crown, One-Piece Stamped, (AISI 400 series CRES)
In addition to these standard cages, NHBB offers many other retainer designs to meet specific requirements. When selecting the most appropriate retainer for your application, some factors to consider include:
- Bearing rotational speed (rpm)
- Starting and running torque limitations
- Operating temperature range
- Noise limitations
Table of Cage and Separator Types
The most common bearing cages and separators are listed in the following tables. In some cases, such as high-load applications, a full complement design may be the best choice. NHBB can also supply specially designed cages to meet your specific requirements. Please contact NHBB for assistance with optimum cage selection.
Cage Types
| DESCRIPTION | + | DESIGN | MATERIAL | MAX SPEED (Ref.) dN** | MAX. OPERATING TEMP.* | COMMENTS | TYPICAL APPLICATIONS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ribbon Two-piece stamped, crimped |
R | ![]() |
A.I.S.I. 305 Steel | 150,000 | 900 °F | Superior starting torque, low cost | General purpose |
| Crown One-piece stamped |
H | ![]() |
A.I.S.I. 410 Steel | 150,000 | 900 °F | Higher speed capability than ribbon retainer, low cost | General purpose |
| Crown One-piece machined |
KB KC |
![]() |
Phenolic-paper base Phenolic-linen base |
1,200,000 | 250 °F | High speed capability Porous material Vacuum impregnated with oil |
Medical Machine tools High speed motors |
| Crown One-piece machined |
M5 | ![]() |
Polyamide-imide | 1,200,000 | 500 °F | High speed capability Requires lubrication Fully autoclavable |
Medical/Dental High temperature |
| Crown One-piece machined Silver coated |
SC | ![]() |
Patented composite metal-polymer | 1,200,000 | 500 °F | High speed capability Self-lubricating Fully autoclavable |
Medical/Dental High temperature |
| Full type One-piece machined |
KN KM |
![]() |
Phenolic-paper base Phenolic-linen base |
2,000,000 | 250 °F | Ultra-high speed capability Angular contact bearing only Porous material Vacuum impregnated with oil |
Machine tool spindles High speed motors |
| Full type One-piece machined |
M4 | ![]() |
Polyamide-imide | 2,000,000 | 500 °F | Ultra-high speed capability Angular contact bearing only Requires lubrication Fully autoclavable |
Medical/Dental High temperature |
| Full type One-piece machined Silver coated |
SF | ![]() |
Patented composite metal-polymer | 2,200,000 | 500 °F | Ultra-high speed capability Angular contact bearing only Requires lubrication Fully autoclavable |
Medical/Dental High temperature |
| Crown/Full type | T1 | ![]() |
Meldin® PGM |
Consult Factory | 500 °F 500 °F 575 °F |
Pourous polyamide-imide material Vacuum impregnated with oil Self-lubricating |
Low to medium speed Low speed Light load |
Additional Ball Separator Designs
| DESCRIPTION | + | DESIGN | MATERIAL | MAX SPEED (Ref.) dN** | MAX. OPERATING TEMP.* | COMMENTS | TYPICAL APPLICATIONS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Toroid | TT | ![]() |
PTFE | 5,000 | 450 °F | Low torque Low speed Angular contact bearing only |
Slow rotation Oscillating motion Cryogenic |
| Slug | SL | ![]() |
PTFE | 1,000 | 450 °F | Low torque Low torque |
Gimbal assembly Slow rotation Low speed |
+ Typical Part Number Designation
* Rings and balls are heat stabilized to 300 °F.
**dN is bore (in millimeters) x rpm.
Additional cage designs and materials available. Please consult with factory.
Standard Cages
Ribbon, Two-Piece, Stamped and Crimped: The two-piece ribbon retainer is one of two standard designs for miniature and instrument ball bearings. This design includes a closed pocket design, which provides good durability, and loosely clinched tabs, which are favorable for starting torque. The two-piece ribbon cage, which can be used with radial bearings, is economical and readily available, but is limited to lower speed applications as compared to the other retainer options offered by NHBB.
Crown, One-Piece, Stamped: The one-piece crown retainer is the second standard retainer option offered by NHBB. It is manufactured from hardened stainless steel, is very lightweight, and has coined ball pockets, which present a hard, smooth, low-friction contact surface to the balls. The design is smooth running, cost effective, readily available and can be used with radial bearings. The one-piece crown retainer has a slightly higher speed capability than the stamped ribbon design. For speeds exceeding the capabilities of this retainer, a machined retainer should be considered.
Machined Cages
Crown, One-Piece: For high speed applications, a machined crown retainer design is a more appropriate choice than the two standard designs (stamped ribbon and stamped crown). This retainer, which is suitable for radial bearings, is manufactured from a variety of materials to meet specific application requirements, including paper and linen-based phenolics and polyamide-imide. Both phenolic materials can be vacuum impregnated with oil, allowing for better lubricity within the ball pockets. The polyamide-imide material is fully autoclavable, making it well suited for many medical and dental applications. Additionally, the polyamide-imide material contains a small amount of graphite and PTFE, which aids in lubricity properties. Lubricity can be further enhanced by a patented silver coating (specific to the polyamide-imide material).
Full Type, One-Piece: This retainer design is best suited for ultra-high speed applications. Its balanced, symmetrical design makes it stable at very high speeds. This retainer, which can only be utilized with angular contact bearings, is manufactured from a variety of materials to meet specific application requirements, including paper and linen-based phenolics and polyamide-imide. Both phenolic materials can be vacuum impregnated with oil, allowing for better lubricity within the ball pockets. The polyamide-imide material is fully autoclavable, making it well suited for many medical and dental applications. Additionally, the polyamide-imide material contains a small amount of graphite and PTFE, which aids in lubricity properties. Lubricity can be further enhanced by a patented silver coating (specific to the polyamide-imide material).
Alternative Machined Cage Materials
NHBB manufactures machined cages from the following materials (consult with factory for availability):
- Meldin® 8100/9000
- Delrin®
- PGM
- PEEK
- Patented Composite Metal-Polymer
(Silver-coated polyamide-imide)
Molded Cages
In addition to the machined retainers listed, the NHBB Precision Division offers a limited variety of molded retainers. These may have a lower speed capability as compared to machined retainers mainly due to the fact that machined retainers can be held to tighter tolerances for critical dimensions.
Trademarks
Meldin® is a registered trademark of Saint-Gobain Performance Plastics Corporation.
Delrin® is a registered trademark of DuPont.










